computer base units
Information about computer base units is given here
BASIC HARDWARE UNITS IN A COMPUTER
Contents
What is a computer?
It is a device that can store and return the information we have given to it when we want it.
Hardware, Software: Computers consist of two basic units, namely Hardware and Software.
Hardware: It is the name given to each of the electronic parts that make up the computer.
Software: The pieces of code written by programmers that enable computer hardware to work harmoniously.
Basic Hardware Units:
Motherboard
Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Processor
Hard Disk (Hard disk)
RAM memory
ROM memory
Input Units
Output Units
Storage Units
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1- MOTHER BOARD
It is one of the main and most important parts of the computer on which the cards and all other hardware are mounted.
Some of them are attached to the inputs, some of them with cables.
It has data paths on it.
All units communicate with each other through the data bus on the motherboard.
2- CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) PROCESSOR
It is the most important hardware element.
It is the hardware where arithmetic and logical operations are performed in the computer.
It is also known as the brain of the computer.
It processes the data received from the input units and sends the results to the output units.
When it comes to the speed of the computer, the most important source of speed that should come to mind is the speed of the processor.
3- HARD DISK (HARD DISK)
It is the place where information is permanently stored on the computer.
It is formed by the assembly of magnetic disks.
They come in a variety of sizes and capacities.
Today, capacities are constantly increasing.
However, the costs are falling.
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4- RAM (MAIN) MEMORY (TEMPORARY MEMORY)
When the computer is turned on, the operating system and necessary programs are loaded into RAM.
These memories are where the data is temporarily saved.
Programs run here as long as the computer is on.
It works like the brain’s cache memory.
The information is deleted when the computer is turned off.
Also called FORGOTTEN MEMORY.
The size of RAM also determines the speed of the computer.
5- ROM MEMORY (READ ONLY MEMORY)
It has information loaded on it by the manufacturer.
When the computer is first turned on, there are software required for the computer.
It is not possible for the user to change this information and software.
It can only be read.
6- BIOS
It is the part that controls all the operations that need to be done during the computer’s startup and makes the adjustments.
It’s right next to the BIOS battery. our lesson.com
It also keeps information such as time, date….
User BIOS settings can be changed.
The time and date of the computer work continuously thanks to the bios battery.
7- INPUT AND OUTPUT UNITS
INPUT UNITS: They are the hardware that enables data entry from the external environment.
WHAT ARE INPUT UNITS?
Keyboard
Mouse
Microphone
Camera
Optical reader
Scanner
OUTPUT UNITS: These are the hardware that allows the data to be transferred to the external environment after being processed and converted into information.
WHAT ARE THE OUTPUT UNITS?
Screen
Speaker
Printer
Scribe
Projection
8- STORAGE UNITS
hard disk (hard disk)
External hard disk
USB stick
CD
DVD
memory cards
Note: USB memory and external hard disk are connected from USB PORT.
CARDS TO WHICH INPUT AND OUTPUT UNITS ARE CONNECTED
Video card: It is the part that makes all the operations done on a computer can be viewed on the monitor.
Sound card: It is a card that allows the computer to process the sound and then transfer this sound to the user.
Network (Ethernet) card: It is the electronic circuit that allows the computer to connect to the network and exchange data and communicate.
POWER SOURCE
It is the hardware that provides the necessary power (electric current) to all parts of the computer.
It is the hardware unit that reduces the power of the city electricity coming to the computer and distributes it so that the hardware inside the case can use it.
