General information about Bangladesh

Here is general and detailed information about Bangladesh:

📍 Geographical Location

Official name: People’s Republic of Bangladesh

Capital: Dhaka

Location: Located in South Asia, north of the Bay of Bengal.

Neighboring countries:

India to the west, north, and east

Myanmar (Burma), with a small border to the southeast

Bay of Bengal to the south

Area: Approximately 148,460 km² (about one-fifth the size of Turkey).

Climate: Tropical monsoon climate; hot and humid summers, mild winters, and heavy summer rainfall.

👥 Population and Society

Population: Approximately 170 million (2025 estimate) → One of the most densely populated countries in the world.

Official language: Bengali (Bangla)

Religious structure:

More than 90% Muslim (mostly Sunni)

Around 8% Hindu

There are also small Buddhist and Christian minorities.

Ethnic structure: The majority of the population are Bengali. There are also smaller ethnic communities such as the Chakma and Marma.

🏛️ Political and Administrative Structure

Form of government: Parliamentary Republic

Head of state: President (mostly a symbolic position)

Head of government: Prime Minister (the primary authority in governing the country)

Administrative region: Divided into eight administrative divisions: Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Sylhet, Barisal, Rangpur, and Mymensingh.

📜 History

History is closely linked to the Bengal region.

1757: Became a British colony (along with India).

1947: Incorporated into Pakistan with the partition of India → called East Pakistan.

1971: The People’s Republic of Bangladesh was established as a result of the War of Independence.

The War of Independence resulted in significant human losses.

💰 Economy

Major sectors:

Textiles and ready-made garments → Bangladesh is the world’s largest ready-made garment exporter after China.

Agriculture (rice, jute, tea, sugarcane).

Fishing and seafood.

Significant source of income:

Remittances sent by Bangladeshis abroad (especially workers in the Middle East).

Problems: Poverty, unemployment, natural disasters (floods, cyclones).

🌆 Culture and Social Life

Music and art: Bengali literature and poetry are highly developed. Nobel Prize-winning poet Rabindranath Tagore originated in this land.

Food culture: Rice and fish are staple foods. Spicy dishes are common.

Sports: Cricket is the country’s most popular sport. Football is also a popular sport.

🏞️ Natural Beauties

Sundarbans Forests: The world’s largest mangrove forest and the natural habitat of Bengal tigers.

Cox’s Bazar: One of the world’s longest natural beaches (120 km).

The Padma, Meghna, and Jamuna rivers: Form the backbone of the country’s agricultural life.